Wxing+&+Erosion+Review

** Lots of questions for you to atta **** ck **** on this last big wiki! Have at it! **
 * Honors Earth Science Objectives Weathering and Erosion **
 * Reminders: please use first name or ni **** ck **** name only and use any color except purple! **

 What three processes can create metamorphic rocks? Heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids---Colleen What are the two types of metamorphism? Explain each.  Regional: Over a wide area such as a mountain. Contact: Local area such as groundwater, magma contact, or fault zones.-Danielle H.  __Weathering__ __and Erosion__  What’s the difference between weathering and erosion? Weathering is the breakdown and chemical alteration of rockas near the surface and erosion is the removal of material by wind, water, and ice.---Colleen Explain each of these examples of mechanical weathering: frost-wedging, root- wedging, exfoliation, slump, creep. frost-wedging: ice freezing and expanding in the cracks of rock root-wedging: tree roots growing between the cracks in rock creep: slow movement of sediment due to gravity slump: quick downward movement of sediment --Kelsey Explain each of these examples of chemical weathering: oxidation, carbonic acid, biological activity (lichens). What determines the size of sediment? (clay vs. sand) <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Explain differential weathering. (hoodoos) ~Differential weathering is the variation in the rate and degree of weathering caused by such factors as mineral makeup, degree of jointing, and climate. -Nicole <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What 2 forces sort sands and other sediment sizes? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Wind and water <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">-Dani P <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What is the relationship between the size of sand and its relative age? the older sand is, the smaller the grains are due to weathering over time --Kelsey <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What is the relationship between the degree of roundness of sand and its age? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">The older it is the rounder it is because it had ungergone more than younger rocks---Colleen <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What is the relationship between the degree of roundness of sand and proximity to its source area? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">the farther from the source area the rounder the sand is. --amy <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What is soil? Be able to identify a soil by using the soil (triangular) chart. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">soil is made of organic materials --kelsey <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What 3 common soils exist? Identify them by color, environment and chemistry. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Black/brown: The black is very rich in organic and is in temperate areas (not oxidized) <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Red: In humid and warm ideas, and unlike brown/black soil it is oxidezed. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">White/Grey: Found in desert like areas, but not as porous. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">-Dani P <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">__Glaciers and Ice Ages__ <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What is a glacier and how is it formed? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">It is slow moving sheets of ice, they form when falling snow that doesn't melt.---Colleen <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Explain the two types of glaciation. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Alpine- on mountains <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Continental-sheets associated with ice ages or polar regions.---Colleen <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">List a few forms of glacial abrasion seen in Michigan. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-family: Monaco; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Great Lakes, striations, grooves. -Danielle H. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> Describe in pictures and words these glacial deposits seen in Michigan: erratics, moraines, kames, eskers, drumlins. (You could upload pictures that you find on the internet or draw some yourself!) <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">In what pattern are the moraines arranged in the Lower Peninsula? What causes this? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">the moraines in the lower peninsula basically exaggerate the shapes of the Great Lakes. --amy Glaciers produce both till and stratified drift. Explain what each is and the conditions under which it forms. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">How were the Great Lakes formed? glaciers came from the north and dug into river beds, making them much bigger and deeper. Melting glaciers and natural springs filled them with water --kelsey <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What are some possible causes for Ice Ages? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">-Milankovitch cycles-changes in solar activity create ice ages. --amy <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Explain the difference between how these lakes formed: kettle lakes, finger lakes, moraine-dammed lakes. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">finger lake=boulders and rocks from a glacier dig out an area which fills with water. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">kettle lake=an area is occupied by ice, which then melts and fills with water. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">moraine-dammed lake=formed by runoff from a lake and stopped by a moraine. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">--amy <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">How did Lake St. Clair form? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">it is a moraine dammed lake which means it was formed by runoff from lake huron and the saint clair river stopped by a moraine. --amy <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">__Desert erosion__ <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What is the primary erosional agent in the desert? What is secondary? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Primary=water Secondary=wind---Colleen <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Why do flash floods occur? because there is hardly any foliage to absorb water and the sand doesnt absorb water like soil would in other places. --kelsey <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What are: ventifacts, playas? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Ventifact-an artifact formed by wind <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Playa- temporary lake in the desert---Colleen <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What is cross-bedding? Which 2 ancient environments produce it? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">When sand dunes are made of rock/deserts and beaches--Colleen <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What environment produces frosted sand? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-family: Monaco; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Desert -Danielle H. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">__Shoreline processes__ <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">Explain how the longshore current affects beaches. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">The beach sand gets dragged by the water in the same direction of the longshore drift. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">-Dani P <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What is the effect of a groin on beach sediments? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-family: Monaco; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">It prevents longshore drift on beaches. -Danielle H. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">What is the purpose of a seawall? to allow sand to naturally form instead of being washed away from waves --kelsey <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ComicSansMS; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);">How can a dune be stabilized so that it does not migrate? <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: ArialMT; color: rgb(131, 86, 207);"> <span style="mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK8;"> Plant grass on it.---Colleen